Sandblasting removes the cement matrix from the surface of the concrete exposing the aggregate underneath. The finishes can range from light to heavy aggregate exposure. Different sections can be sandblasted at different aggregate exposure levels for an interesting patterned effect. Sandblasting creates a similar look to Exposed Aggregate but is done after 30 days when the concrete is completely dry.
Swirl and arc patterns can be laid into wet concrete with Floats and Trowels. The texture can be coarse, medium or smooth depending on the tool used. Wood floats create coarser textures, while aluminum or steel trowels create medium or smooth finishes.
Broom Finishes are created by dragging a broom over a still wet surface. They can be light or coarse, depending of the bristles on the broom. This process provides a simple solution for creating non-slip surfaces.
Stamped Concrete is a product patterned to resemble brick, slate, flagstone, stone, tile or wood. Colors and patterns for stamped concrete are chosen to blend with other stone, tile or patterned concrete elements at the jobsite. Complex designs including steps, courtyards and fountains can be achieved using stamped concrete. It can be blended with other decorative concrete elements like exposed-aggregate finishes and acid-etch staining along with a particular pattern like running-bond brick, hexagonal tile, worn rock or stone. Concrete provides a perfect canvas for creating economical replicas of more expensive materials while still maintaining a natural and authentic look.
Acid Staining gives concrete a variegated or marbled look. It also creates reddish brown and green colors on the concrete. Mixing and matching available colors, or applying them at different rates will create new shades. Most acid stains are a mixture of water, hydrochloric acid and acid-soluble metallic salts. This method works by penetrating the surface and reacting chemically with the hydrated lime in concrete. It lightly etches the surface, allowing the metallic salts to penetrate more easily. Acid-based stains are translucent and the earth-toned colors they produce vary depending on the color of the substrate they are applied to. No two acid stained slabs of concrete will have the same exact color tones, creating a very natural look.
To get an Exposed Aggregate surface, the outer "skin" of cement paste is removed to uncover the decorative coarse aggregate underneath, which is either batched into the concrete mix or seeded onto the surface. Because of its durability and skid resistance, an exposed-aggregate finish is ideal for most flatwork like sidewalks, driveways, patios, and pool decks.
To obtain a Rock Salt Finish, water softener salt crystals 1/8" to 3/8" in size are spread onto fresh concrete. Then a roller is used to press the salt crystals into the surface. Once the concrete sets, it is washed, disolving the salt crystals, leaving small holes in the surface.